Explainer · Apostille Types

FBI Apostille vs. State Apostille: What's the Difference?

FBI Apostille Group April 2026 7 min read
FEDERAL FBI Apostille U.S. Dept. of State Authentication Valid in 120+ countries vs STATE LEVEL State Apostille Secretary of State Authentication For state-issued documents Federal vs. state level apostille — two different authentication systems — FBI Apostille Group

When people first encounter the word "apostille," they quickly discover there are actually two distinct types in the United States: federal apostilles and state apostilles. Getting the wrong one can mean your application is rejected — costing you months of time and requiring you to start over.

This guide clearly explains the difference between an FBI apostille and a state apostille, when each applies, and how to know which one you need.

The Simple Version

An FBI apostille authenticates a federal document (your FBI criminal history). A state apostille authenticates state-issued documents like birth certificates, marriage licenses, or diplomas. If a foreign government requires proof of your U.S. criminal history, you need an FBI apostille — not a state one.

Side-by-Side Comparison

Federal Level

FBI Apostille

Authenticates your FBI Identity History Summary — a federal document that records your nationwide criminal history based on fingerprints.

  • Issued by the U.S. Department of State
  • Based on your FBI fingerprint records
  • Covers criminal history nationwide
  • Required for immigration, residency, citizenship, and employment abroad
  • Processing time: 8–10 weeks standard, 3–5 weeks expedited
State Level

State Apostille

Authenticates documents issued by a state government — such as birth certificates, marriage licenses, divorce decrees, diplomas, and notarized documents.

  • Issued by the relevant state's Secretary of State
  • Based on state-issued documents
  • Covers what the state has on record
  • Required for vital records, education credentials, and legal documents
  • Processing time: Days to a few weeks depending on state

Which Documents Require Which Type of Apostille?

DocumentApostille TypeIssued By
FBI Identity History Summary (background check)Federal (FBI Apostille)U.S. Dept. of State
Birth certificateState ApostilleSecretary of State (state where issued)
Marriage certificateState ApostilleSecretary of State (state where issued)
Divorce decreeState ApostilleSecretary of State (state where issued)
University diplomaState ApostilleSecretary of State (state where school is located)
Notarized documentsState ApostilleSecretary of State (state of the notary)
Federal court documentsFederal ApostilleU.S. Dept. of State
State police / local background checkState ApostilleSecretary of State
Critical Distinction: FBI vs. State Police Background Check

A state police background check is NOT the same as an FBI Identity History Summary. Most foreign governments specifically require the federal FBI check because it searches nationwide databases — not just one state's records. Even if you get a state police background check apostilled by your Secretary of State, most immigration authorities will reject it in favor of the federal FBI version.

Why Do Foreign Governments Prefer the FBI Apostille?

Foreign immigration authorities prefer the FBI Identity History Summary for one simple reason: it is comprehensive. A state background check only searches records within that state. If someone committed a crime in Texas but is now applying for a visa from California, a California state background check might not reveal the Texas record.

The FBI's Identity History Summary searches all federal and state fingerprint records submitted to the FBI's national database — giving foreign authorities confidence that the background check is complete and reliable.

Can You Need Both Types for the Same Application?

Yes — many immigration and citizenship applications require multiple apostilled documents from both categories. A common example:

FBI Apostille Group handles the FBI apostille portion of your application. For state-level apostilles on vital records, you would contact the relevant state's Secretary of State office directly, or use a separate document authentication service.

Which Takes Longer — FBI or State Apostille?

The FBI apostille takes significantly longer because it involves two federal agencies (the FBI and the Department of State) rather than just one state office:

TypeProcessing TimeCost Range
FBI Apostille (standard)8–10 weeks$275 (all-inclusive)
FBI Apostille (expedited)3–5 weeks$325 (all-inclusive)
State ApostilleDays to 3 weeks (varies by state)$20–$150 (state fees vary)

Because the FBI apostille takes the longest, we recommend starting it first — before gathering any state-level documents — so all your materials are ready at roughly the same time.

Need an FBI Apostille?

We specialize in FBI background check apostilles for immigration, residency, citizenship, and international employment. Mail-in or digital PDF submission accepted.

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Common Questions

My immigration attorney said I need a "federal apostille." Is that the same as an FBI apostille?

Yes — a "federal apostille" is another way of describing a U.S. Department of State apostille applied to a federal document. In the context of background checks, this means the FBI Identity History Summary apostilled by the U.S. Department of State. FBI Apostille Group handles this exact service.

Can I get a state apostille on my FBI background check instead?

No. The FBI Identity History Summary is a federal document issued by a federal agency. It cannot be apostilled at the state level. Only the U.S. Department of State can issue an apostille on a federal document — which is why the FBI apostille process must go through two federal agencies rather than a state Secretary of State.

My birth certificate already has an apostille — do I need to get another one for my visa application?

No — if your birth certificate's apostille is still valid (check the date requirements for your destination country), you do not need a new one. However, you likely still need a separate FBI apostille for your criminal background check, as these are two completely different documents serving different purposes.